REFERENCES: Apremilast

  1. Keren A, Shemer A, Ullmann Y, Paus R, Gilhar A. The PDE4 inhibitor, apremilast, suppresses experimentally induced alopecia areata in human skin in vivo. J Dermatol Sci. 2015 Jan;77(1):74-6.

  2. Liu LY, King BA. Lack of efficacy of apremilast in 9 patients with severe alopecia areata. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2017 Oct;77(4):773-774

  3. Magdaleno-Tapial J, Valenzuela-Oñate C, Sánchez-Carazo JL, Alegre-de Miquel V. Improvement of alopecia areata with apremilast. Australas J Dermatol. 2018 Oct 7.

  4. Mikhaylov D, Pavel A, Yao C, Kimmel G, Nia J, Hashim P, Vekaria AS, Taliercio M, Singer G, Karalekas R, Baum D, Mansouri Y, Lebwohl MG, Guttman-Yassky E. A randomized placebo-controlled single-center pilot study of the safety and efficacy of apremilast in subjects with moderate-to-severe alopecia areata. Arch Dermatol Res. 2018 Nov 11.